Summary : 150 years ago, Charles Darwin published ‘On The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection’, a book full of provocative and innovating ideas that Darwin had maintained as a well kept secret for over 25 years. In that book, Darwin presented his theory about the nature of the driving force that forms species, from their origin to their extinction, and how life forms descend with modifications. Darwin’s ideas became stronger in later years with the discovery of the laws of inheritance, the chemical structure of DNA, the universality of the genetic code, the synthesis and the neutral theories of evolution and the enormous expansion in the registry of fossils. Recently, the sequencing and assembly of whole genomes of hundreds of micro-organ...